Publications

Here are all of our publications listed chronologically. You can also find the publications relating to single geography under “Publications by geography” or narrow down your search using the “Advanced filter”.

Latest publications on Business confidence

Mexico | Formal employment stumbles in January and extends the weakness

February 16, 2026

Formal employment began 2026 with a monthly decline and the weakest start since 2009, confirming slower momentum. Low confidence and falling investment are holding back the recovery in employment, while real wages continue to support the wage bill and consumption.

Colombia | Two Faces of the Same Economy

July 29, 2019

Economic sentiment indicators where published, showing mixed signals that make reading the economy more complex than usual. Consumer confidence continued deteriorating while industrial and commercial confidence improve and are in positive territory.

Spain | Optimism goes up among consumers, but not for the industry

November 27, 2015

Despite the agents' expectations are positive, some mixed signals are still observed, which cast doubts on its upward trend in the short term. Thus, while the consumer confidence improves again, production expectations decrease, explaining the further decline in industrial confidence

Spain | Confidence remains high in October, but its trend seems to be exhausted

October 29, 2015

Although the agents' expectations are positive, the detailed results reveal some mixed signals that cast doubts on its upward path. Thus, while the improvement in consumer confidence is based on the expectations about the economic situation, production expectations decrease, explaining the decline in industrial confidence

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