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Between September and December 2022, tourist spending made by Spaniards outside their usual province of residence was 26 pp above the 2019 figures, according to data on spending with credit cards from BBVA. However, a stagnation is observed when compared with the immediately preceding four-month period.
Although the performance of the job market and its composition are unambiguously favorable, the information provided by the labor authorities is insufficient to assess the impact of the labor reform on other variables, such as unemployment and hours worked.
The BBVA Research Big Data Consumption Indicator (ICBD BBVA) grew 2.7% MoM in December, with real seasonally adjusted figures
In December, consumption growth reached a real annual variation of 3.8%, higher than the 2.3% reported in November, with an acceleration in both goods and services. Goods contracted by 4.2% and services grew by 7.7%. Spending performance trendi…
BBVA Research's big data consumption index for Peru (inflation-adjusted spending with cards and cash withdrawals) slowed down in December to 3.8% (November: 8.9%). In 2022 as a whole, the index registered growth of 8.4% (26.4% in 2021).
This Working Paper analyses σ−convergence and absolute β−convergence in human capital indicators in a sample of 140 countries from 1970 to 2020, and to what extent human capital may have contributed to the convergence in GDP per capita observed in recent years.
The economy is more resilient than expected in 2022. In the first half of the year, due to domestic demand and tourism, and in the fourth quarter, due to exports and employment. In 2023 and 2024, external demand will contribute negatively, but NGEU funds and reduced uncertainty will drive the recovery, faster in the north.
The BBVA Research Big Data Consumption Indicator fell (-)3.4% MaM in November, taking the average monthly variation for 4Q22 to (-)1.2% (vs -0.7% in the first two months of 3Q22), with real figures seasonally adjusted.
BBVA Research presented at NBER Fall 2022 in the conference Innovative Data in Household Finance: Opportunities and Challenges.
BBVA Research's big data consumption index (inflation-adjusted spending with cards and cash withdrawals) accelerated in November to 8.7% (October: 7.6%).
The BBVA Research Big Data Consumption Indicator grew 1.2% MaM in October, taking the average monthly variation of the last three months to 0.0% (vs -0.5% in September) , with real figures adjusted for seasonality.
This Working Paper contains homogenized series of regional funding in Spain, constructed on the basis of homogeneous competences at equal fiscal effort from 2002 to 2020.
