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March 21, 2025
Birth rates in Colombia have dropped to 1.6 children per woman, accelerating aging. This pressures pension and healthcare systems. Encouraging births without improving labor and care conditions is ineffective. Public policy must adjust with reforms to ensure sustainability and well-being.
January 20, 2025
Economic growth, inequality, and zero-sum thinking form a triangle that has shaped societies over the years. The historical transition from a subsistence economy to one of sustained growth has transformed social perceptions of wealth and how it is distributed.
November 11, 2024
In contrast to the dynamism of government expenditures and service exports observed in recent years, the poor performance of private consumption stands out, only slightly better than that of investment.
June 24, 2024
Despite higher recent GDP growth, the productivity of the Spanish economy has been falling behind that of the EU, making convergence in per capita income difficult. The projections of the Ageing Report 2024 do not foresee any improvement in the outlook.
May 7, 2024
To avoid a ‘demographic winter’ scenario, Spain needs immigration. But just because it is necessary does not mean that it is sufficient, nor that it does not pose major challenges for the labor market and when it comes to social cohesion.
April 22, 2024
Keeping up with the twin digital and green transition while coping with an aging population and the retirement of the baby boomer generation calls for the astute and successful management of migratory flows, which will drive employment from 2021.
March 11, 2024
A comparison of Mexico's GHG emissions with the world is presented, highlighting that the country has increased its emission intensity per unit of GDP since 2019, possibly due to its current energy policy. The influence of the population factor is also analyzed, as well as the contribution by sectors.
August 21, 2023
The demographic challenges facing developed countries are well known: rapid aging and populations that in are already beginning to shrink in some regions. Less well known, however, is that the demographic transition is already changing the landscape in the vast majority of developing countries.
November 11, 2022
This Working Paper contains homogenized series of regional funding in Spain, constructed on the basis of homogeneous competences at equal fiscal effort from 2002 to 2020.
March 30, 2022
This paper analyzes how Argentina's productive sectors have been affected by the COVID-19 crisis and how they will evolve towards 2030 in the face of the long-term challenges set at the local and global levels.
