Publications

Leaving behind the throwaway economy is the principle on which the circular economy is based. Its goal is to reduce the environmental impact caused by the production of single-use goods by promoting the recycling of materials, waste reduction, and the development of sustainable products.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has just published its three flagship reports analyzing the state of play and policy recommendations on the economy (WEO), fiscal policy (Fiscal Monitor) and the financial environment (GFSR). Excellent readings with very elaborate recommendations.

The 2021-2023 pension reform has resulted in a system that will be more generous, but less contributory and self-sufficient, as social security contributions are not able to finance the higher expenditure on pensions.

Though nearshoring represents a great opportunity for the Mexican economy, it requires an environment that guarantees the reduction of logistic and production costs characterized by legal certainty, financial facilities and economic policies that align the incentives of foreign investors and national actors.

Moving Up the Economic Ladder: 20 Years of Financial Inclusion of the Mexican Migrant Community in the U.S. A joint publication between the University of California San Diego, Sin Fronteras IAP, the Financial Education department at BBVA México and BBVA Research.

Climate Change United Nations issues a fresh set of climate warnings: the commitments made under the Paris Agreement are not enough to decarbonize the economy. Simply warning about the risks is not enough.

The main component of domestic demand, private consumption, shows declines that are more consistent with a historical contraction of activity than with the expansion we are experiencing.

Over the last two years we have witnessed numerous changes to the pension system in Spain, making it more generous, but less self-sufficient, with a larger structural deficit, no adjustment for increased life expectancy and greater dependence on transfers from the State.