Publications

Here are all of our publications listed chronologically. You can also find the publications relating to single geography under “Publications by geography” or narrow down your search using the “Advanced filter”.

Latest publications on purchasing power

Europe | Low-cost convergence with the United States?

June 22, 2026

The debate over Europe lagging behind the US economy reveals that improvements in per capita income, based on current purchasing power parities, coexist with a lower capacity to purchase goods and services in the United States, which is inconsistent with full convergence.

Spain | The challenge of reducing inflation in the services sector

June 26, 2024

The recent increase in inflation, not seen in decades, has shown our aversion to the constant escalation of prices. Although inflation has already fallen, it is expected to stay above 3%, and around 2.5% in 2025, affected by the performance of the cost of services.

Spain | Welcome to the wage agreement

May 26, 2023

An important part of the "incomes pact" was completed several days ago with the fifth Agreement for Employment and Collective Bargaining. Although it consolidates the loss of workers' purchasing power, it ensures that labor costs will not put additional pressure on inflation, which should help maintain employment.

Spain | Lights and shadows of the minimum wage increase

February 13, 2023

Increases in the national minimum wage (SMI) are excellent news in economies in which productivity is growing and employment rates are high. However, there needs to be an awareness of the costs and benefits of the measure, which regrettably are still not being evaluated with the necessary detail and rigor.

Europe | Inflationary fever and a monetary prescription

January 9, 2023

As with any fever, inflation in 2022 was only the symptom of serious ailments. So why was the action of the European Central Bank (ECB), which raised rates from 0 to 2.5%, so important?

Mexico | The vicissitudes of inflation and the effects on households

September 8, 2022

A monetary policy that carries the reference interest rate to an excessively restrictive terrain in a context where long-term inflation expectations remain well anchored can have counterproductive effects.

Mexico | Minimum wage increase:non-inflationary measure that improves the purchasing power

December 20, 2018

Twenty-five years after the 1994 crisis, the minimum wage will finally regain its real level and even exceed it.

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