Publications

The rise of extortion in Peru is analyzed as an efficient criminal market: high profits, near-total impunity, and low opportunity costs for criminals. This phenomenon, driven by informality and institutional weakness, negatively impacts the national economy by 3.1% of GDP.

Despite poverty reduction in Mexico (2018-2024), PISA 2025 results reveal an educational stagnation. Seven out of ten students fail to reach the minimum level in mathematics, and the gap between socioeconomic strata persists, highlighting a structural problem in the quality of education.

This study analyzes the saving capacity of Spanish households in 2024. Income is the determining factor. Additionally, household size and housing tenure are key variables that significantly influence family savings.

In the second quarter of 2026, labor poverty in Mexico rebounded to 31.9%, 1.2 points above the historic low of the previous quarter. This increase is associated with a rise in labor informality, with the occupation rate reaching 30.2%, its highest level in more than 20 years.

Building on the analysis initiated in a previous study, the Working Paper describes and assesses the new elements of the Government’s proposal to reform the SFA contained in the draft agreement sent to the Autonomous Communities several weeks ago.

This Working Paper analyzes the 2024 settlement of the financing system for Spain's common-regime autonomous communities. It calculates the definitive financing for homogeneous competences, which grew by 9.45% compared to 2023. It also quantifies interregional redistribution flows and the evolution of resources until 2027.

This report analyzes the latest update of labour poverty indicators in Mexico for the first quarter of 2026. It highlights that this indicator reached its lowest level since 2005, driven by higher labour income. In addition, the report examines regional disparities, labour informality, and wage gaps.