Publications

Spain and Europe face critical water resilience challenges due to climate threats, requiring strategic investments and policy actions to safeguard ecosystems, promote economic opportunities, and ensure long-term water supply sustainability.

While the Iberian day-ahead market operated normally after the April 2025 blackout, May saw an increase in REE's security-driven balancing costs. These measures, implemented to reduce systemic risk, led to higher wholesale prices, highlighting the inherent trade-off between reliability and affordability.

On April 15, the 2025–2030 National Development Plan (PND), corresponding to the administration of President Claudia Sheinbaum, was officially approved. This document specifically analyzes the objectives, strategies, and indicators of General Pillar 4, which focuses on Sustainable Development.

NGFS’s new five-year climate scenarios help gauge near-term transition and physical risks, adding compound-hazard modelling and macro-financial feedbacks, but they retain some outdated narratives and overlook recent policy decoupling, limiting realism.

The images of the floods that hit Valencia last October are still fresh in the collective memory. BBVA Research has developed an analytical framework to make the most of the available information and quantitatively assess both the impact and recovery after a climate disaster.

Europe's automotive sector, second-largest globally and key to the EU economy, faces urgent challenges: rapid decarbonization, China's EV dominance, and US trade protectionism. The EU’s innovation-driven Action Plan can preserve Europe's leadership if swiftly implemented.

BBVA Research presents its new real estate sector report in two presentations: the first analyzes sales, supply, prices, rentals, and demographics; the second focuses on the structure of construction, financing, and sustainability. It includes sales projections, drivers, and trends through 2026.

Unprecedented uncertainty highlights the importance of scenario-based analysis for assessing climate risks, especially in the short term. Climate risk scenarios developed by leading institutions can serve as a valuable starting point to illustrate potential economic impacts.