BBVA Research

The Historical Balance of Public Sector Borrowing Requirements (HBPSBR) was 52.7% of GDP at the end of 2025 vs. 50.4% in March 2026. We expect the HBPSBR to be around 53.7% by year-end.

The BBVA Research Manufacturing Multidimensional Indicator grew 2.2% YoY in March, remaining in positive territory for the seventh consecutive month, although deepening the slowdown observed since the beginning of the year.

Spain has made significant progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions alongside continued economic growth. However, this process has been uneven: emissions remain concentrated in a limited number of economic sectors, and the pace of decarbonization varies considerably across regions.

Mexico’s economy grew just 0.6% in 2025. A 1.3% drop in secondary activities was partly offset by gains in the primary sector (4.2%) and services (1.5%). The report analyzes the 46.8% surge in computer and electronics exports and the 13 Economic Development Poles (Polos de Desarrollo Económico para el Bienestar).