BBVA Research

The increase in total tourism spending (domestic and international) remained dynamic during the third quarter of 2025, reaching 6.5% year-over-year (6.4% in the previous period). The acceleration of domestic tourism offset the moderation in international tourism.

The BBVA Research Manufacturing Multidimensional Indicator (BBVA Research MMI) grew 4.0% YoY in December, maintaining the pace observed in the previous month; in 2025 it records an average year-over-year variation of -0.2%, 2.3 pp above that observed in 2024.

Climate change is not neutral for potential GDP: unmanaged warming acts as a negative supply shock, while early, credible mitigation and adaptation can offset damages and may generate long-run gains, albeit with high uncertainty and strong scenario dependence.

In the third quarter of 2025, the economy grew by 0.6% compared to the previous quarter. This growth was due to domestic demand, which managed to offset the decline in external demand. During this period, there was a significant increase in employment and a decrease in productivity.