Publications

The latest data from the National Accounts of the INE provide an image that, at first glance, could revive old ghosts of the Spanish economy. Following a post-pandemic recovery supported by the foreign sector's contributions, the dynamics have shifted.

The scenario for the Spanish economy points to the continuation of the pattern observed in recent quarters: The expansion will be sustained as long as the capacity to create employment increases and the productivity of capital continues to grow.

Labor poverty measures, in the short term, the relationship between household labor income and the cost of the food basket, that is, their purchasing power. An increase in labor income would improve a household’s economic situation, while an increase in the cost of the food basket would worsen it.

Public finances could achieve a balanced primary budget this year, marking an important step toward sustained debt reduction. However, part of this improvement is due to cyclical causes. In addition, the possible slowdown in the economy and lower inflation work against this reduction.

Spain is growing faster than the EU (around 3% in 2025) and has the lowest unemployment rate since 2008 (10.5%), but productivity growth is disappointing and still lags behind the EU. More investment (in physical, technological, and human capital) is needed for more productive, innovative, and sustainable growth.

This report presents information on the relationship between hunger—understood as the total or partial difficulty in obtaining food due to a lack of money or resources—and the population in (or not) experiencing multidimensional poverty in Mexico.

This presentation analyzes recent developments in the global economy, as well as forecasts, with an emphasis on both the European and Spanish economies.