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    BBVA Research Publications

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    May 9, 2025

    Colombia | Non-Wage Employment, Major Driver of National Employment

    National employment grows, mainly driven by non-wage employment (+8% annually in March). Of 1.1M jobs created, most are independent and informal, raising the informality rate to 57.2%. The challenge is to formalize this employment to improve conditions and reduce poverty.

    May 8, 2025

    US | The labor market remains resilient amid uncertain times

    Despite rising uncertainty and early signs of cooling, the U.S. labor market remains broadly balanced, driven by services, stable participation, and moderated wage growth. However, risks from policy shifts and slower job openings are building.

    April 7, 2025

    Spain | Employment on the rise, productivity slowing

    The latest Social Security enrollment figures for March come as welcome news for the Spanish economy, yet they are also a timely reminder that job creation alone is not enough in itself: we also need it to be more productive.

    March 7, 2025

    Colombia | More female heads of household are willing to work

    The labor supply in Colombia, defined as the people who choose to participate in the labor market, has undergone three significant changes since 2019. One of them is that there are now more women who are heads of household in the workforce.

    February 17, 2025

    Spain | Reducing the workday through agreements, investment, and productivity gains

    The parliamentary process should amend the proposal so that the reduction of the workday happens gradually, with increases in productivity and through collective bargaining, minimizing distortions and avoiding additional inefficiencies in the labor market.

    February 10, 2025

    Spain | The impact of AI on the economy

    Until a few years ago, the debate on artificial intelligence (AI) was confined to specialized circles. Today, it is a conversation across companies, governments, and public opinion.