Publications

This presentation analyzes the recent evolution of monetary policy in Latin America and three of its main challenges: its interaction with fiscal policy, the increase in natural interest rates, and the impact of increased uncertainty on economic policies.

This report shows how the global flower market is expanding and shifting towards higher value segments, while Colombia, the world’s second exporter, boosts formal rural jobs yet faces tighter margins from logistics, input costs and new sustainability standards that will shape its future growth.

Black Friday 2025 reshaped spending in Colombia: household consumption and business investment soared versus a normal weekend, led by booming apparel sales and uneven regional patterns, yet real growth slipped slightly compared with the 2024 Black Friday weekend.

Between 2025 and 2027, GDP will be driven by domestic demand: resilient household consumption, supportive public spending and investment boosted by a healthier construction sector. Persistently high inflation, cautious monetary policy and a wide fiscal deficit weigh on the outlook.

In 2025, the automotive sector is accelerating its sales momentum, with strong growth in utility vehicles and in hybrid and electric models. Greater household purchasing power and a more appreciated exchange rate, among other supportive factors, sustain this trend and will keep driving sales in 2025 and 2026.

GDP accelerated to 3.6% y/y in Q3 2025 (1.2% q/q sa). Final consumption led; investment was uneven—equipment strong, construction weak—while net trade detracted. With firm domestic demand and lower inventories, the 2025 call (2.5%) tilts upward.

National unemployment in September was 8.2%, the lowest for a September in 24 years. Seasonally adjusted, the rate was 8.8%, remaining low. Versus August, the sharp decline was driven mainly by stronger job creation, with employment up 3.1%.